Hi, I give here an example of a connexion to a remote station via automatic routing through ROSE/FPAC network nodes. As an example a connect request is sent from F6BVP logged on node F6BVP-10 to KD4YAL-8. F6BVP-10 (Commands = ?) : c kd4YAL-8 Trying (fpac wp) KD4YAL-8 @ 3100,727489... Type to abort *** Connected to KD4YAL-8 @ 3100,727489 (Escape: ~. ) You are connected to the Pinellas County FPAC Node *** Located in Clearwater, FL EL88pa *** Fpac.kd4yal.ampr.org * 44.98.24.5 FPAC-Node v 3.27.14-pre21 (F6FBB - Feb 28 2010) for LINUX (help = h) KD4YAL-8 (Commands = ?) : u Users - AX.25 Level 2 sessions : Port Callsign Callsign AX.25 state 9 KD4YAL-5 -> KD4YAL-14 Connected 9 KD4YAL-9 -> KP4DJT-9 Connected 9 KD4YAL-9 -> W4AKH-9 Connected 9 KD4YAL-9 -> K4GBB-9 Conn pending 9 KD4YAL-9 -> N4PLZ-9 Conn pending 9 KD4YAL-9 -> W4MIN-9 Conn pending 9 KD4YAL-9 -> F6BVP-11 Conn pending 9 KD4YAL-9 -> VK2TV-2 Conn pending Users - AX.25 Level 3 sessions : Callsign DNIC addr <-> Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent AX.25 state KD4YAL-8 3100,727489 <-> F6BVP-0 2080,175502 001 (KP4DJT-9) Connected On the above line we see that F6BVP-0 (ourself) is connected to KD4YAL-8 via adjacent node KP4DJT-9. We ask for a connexion to KP4DJT-8 in order to examine the intermediate nodes used for this connexion. KD4YAL-8 (Commands = ?) : c kp4djt-8 Trying (fpac wp) KP4DJT-8 @ 3100,813626... Type to abort *** Connected to KP4DJT-8 @ 3100,813626 (Escape: ~. ) Welcome to KP4DJT Linux FPAC Server! FPAC-Node v 3.27.14-pre22 (F6FBB - Apr 17 2010) for LINUX (help = h) KP4DJT-8 (Commands = ?) : u Users - AX.25 Level 3 sessions : Callsign DNIC addr <-> Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent AX.25 state KP4DJT-8 3100,813626 <-> F6BVP-0 3100,727489 032 (KD4YAL-9) Connected Users - AX.25 Level 3 transits : Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent <-> Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent F6BVP-0 2080,175502 002 (W4ACS-9) <-> KD4YAL-8 3100,727489 001 (KD4YAL-9) Here above we have two interesting informations. The first one is that we are connected to KP4DJT-8 from KD4YAL-9. The second information on "AX.25 Level 3 transits" line, is that our connexion to KD4YAL was relayed via W4ACS-9 and KD4YAL-9. Lines displaying connected users have been removed. KP4DJT-8 (Commands = ?) : c w4acs-8 Trying (fpac wp) W4ACS-8 @ 3100,727464... Type to abort *** Connected to W4ACS-8 @ 3100,727464 (Escape: ~. ) Welcome to the W4ACS FPAC node. Users - AX.25 Level 3 transits : Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent <-> Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent F6BVP-0 2080,175502 032 (W4BGH-9) <-> KD4YAL-8 3100,727489 002 (KP4DJT-9) Here we have removed both users lines and AX.25 Level 3 sessions lines. And we see that our connexion with KP4DJT is transiting through W4ACS node, relaying AX.25 frames between W4BGH-9 and KP4DJT-9. W4ACS-8 (Commands = ?) : c w4BGH-8 Trying (fpac wp) W4BGH-8 @ 3100,813684... Type to abort *** Connected to W4BGH-8 @ 3100,813684 (Escape: ~. ) Welcome to the W4BGH FPAC node. Users - AX.25 Level 3 transits : Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent <-> Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent F6BVP-0 2080,175502 032 (K4GBB-9) <-> KD4YAL-8 3100,727489 032 (W4ACS-9) Here in turn we see that transit through W4BGH is relaying AX.25 Level 3 frames between W4ACS-9 and K4GBB-9. W4BGH-8 (Commands = ?) : c k4gbb-8 Trying (fpac wp) K4GBB-8 @ 3100,352726... Type to abort *** Connected to K4GBB-8 @ 3100,352726 (Escape: ~. ) You are connected to the Citrus County FPAC Node * Located in Cedar Cove, Fla * Users - AX.25 Level 3 transits : Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent <-> Callsign DNIC addr LCI Adjacent F6BVP-0 2080,175502 001 (F6BVP-11) <-> KD4YAL-8 3100,727489 032 (W4BGH-9) And finally, the above line tells us that K4GBB-9 is relaying transit AX.25 frames betwwen F6BVP-11 and W4BGH-9. To summarize, when F6BVP asked for a connexion to node KD4YAL-8 from the console, the connexion went transparently in the following way travelling through 5 nodes : F6BVP-0 <-> F6BVP-11 <-> K4GBB-9 <-> W4BGH-9 <-> KP4DJT-9 <-> W4ACS-9 <-> KD4YAL-8 How is this achieved ? First, when F6BVP asks for a connexion with KD4YAL-8, FPAC white pages server finds out that ROSE address is 3100,727489. Linux kernel module rose finds in its rose neighbour table that this route is closed: DNIC Address Primary Route 3100,727489 KD4YAL-9 Closed Thus rose module looks into kernel rose route table for the next node routing the rose address. It finds that the first connected node routing this address is K4GBB : ROSE routes : DNIC Address Primary Route | 1st Alt Route | 2nd Alt Route | 3100,...... K4GBB-9 Opened | KD4YAL-9 Closed | KP4DJT-9 Closed | Thus, Linux kernel rose module sends a connexion request via this node. And the same process is repeated on each node until destination is reached. Isn't that great ! And most part of the job is done by Linux kernel itself, AX.25 coding and ROSE routing. 73 de Bernard, f6bvp